雅思阅读话题：人文科学 2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆

今天大学路小编整理了雅思阅读话题：人文科学 2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆相关内容，希望能帮助到大家，一起来看下吧。

本文目录一览：

• 1、剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 2、雅思阅读话题：人文科学
• 3、2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的阅读题除了掌握对的 方法 ，也离不开我们日常的辛勤练习，下面我给大家带来剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS题目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

关键词：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解题思路: 题干中讲到不同体育领域的专业知识交流正好跟原文中跨不同体育专家之间的合作相对应，理解意思即可容易找到正确答案。

Question 2

答案：C

关键词: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解题思路: 通过题干中的视频成像可以很容易找到原文中对应的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

关键词: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解题思路: 题目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 属于同义表达，定位答题区域，发现此句话所要表达的意思是不在一些飘渺的、不切实际的科学问题上浪费时间，也就是说要缩小研究的范围。

Question 4

答案：F

关键词：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句话 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解题思路: 题干中的reproduce是复制的意思，之后从 文章 中发现 句子 有复制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

关键词：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解题思路: 题干提到理想成绩的障碍是如何被调查研究的，而读到对应句子之后看到正好是sensors(传感器)对于运动员跑步的impact(影响)进行研究的仪器，而且obstacles和impact对应。

Question 6

答案：A

关键词：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒数第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解题思路: finances是解题关键，意思为资助，正好跟题干中funded support表达了相同的义项，直接对应。而且之后一句话提及以上项目所提供的服务和建议，可以确信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

关键词：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解题思路: 首先通过well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后发现后面提及的“竞争模型”作用就是计算时间和速率，因此内容对应上calculate，此时可断定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

关键词: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒数第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解题思路: 前一句已经提到该系统已广泛应用于澳大利亚各项全国赛事之中，而没有提到其他国家，因此可以判断应该只有澳大利亚人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

关键词：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解题思路: 找到相同对应词sensor，读其前后的句子，发现有 Melbourne，断定是澳大利亚人的发明。之后要特别留心动词develop运用现在进行时，表示正在开发;而且注意之后的定语从句采用了将来时，所以可以断定此发明还没有完成，应该属于将来的成果。因此选择B。

Question 10

答案: A

关键词：protein

定位原文: D段倒数第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解题思路: 非常容易在前面第一句话中找到跟题目protein tests所对应的词语a test ...protein。之后细读前后句，发现后面一句话对于此项科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS运动员，即澳大利亚体育学院的运动员，隶属于澳大利亚，所以应该选择A。

Question 11

答案：C

关键词: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒数第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent ’…”

解题思路: 文章中很容易找到用引号括起来的题目中的名词 短语 ，因此只要细心读原句，就会发现开头的‘The same has happened...’同样的事情也发生在……根据 经验 应该顺着文章向上追溯，发现跟‘altitude tent’相同情况的是1996年奥运会上澳大利亚人受益的流线型散热运动服现在全世界都在用。因此 ‘altitude tent’也被世界各国应用。所以答案应该选择C。且根据此段话大意可以了解文章只提到两种研究成果被别国运用，即髙原帐蓬和流线型散热服。所以可以间接判断前三项成果是由澳大利人独享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

关键词： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解题思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 对应上prepare the athlete by之后，要认真研究题目所问的是what is produced,断定所作答案必定要填一个名词。因此要细读原文发现有单词developing恰与produced相对应，中文意思是“开发”，则答案必定是开发之后的名词。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

关键词： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解题思路: 分析问句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思为“提高了多少”，可以判断出答案需要写一个数字。因此仔细阅读相关语句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘and rowers’ time。很快就可以找到数字百分之二

。

雅思阅读话题：人文科学

很多烤鸭们备考雅思阅读的时候发现即使自己背了很多词汇，阅读方法也掌握了不少，但正确率仍旧不是很高，而且速度不够快。通过实际教学经验发现，这其中的一个主要原因在于烤鸭们对于雅思阅读考察的话题不熟悉。为了解决烤鸭们的这个难题，专家对雅思阅读的话题进行了归类总结，让烤鸭们在考场上找到一种“他乡遇故人”的感觉，同时也给出了烤鸭们做阅读的一些方法建议，让烤鸭们在考场上不只是“他乡遇故人”更要“知故人”。

经过对历年的雅思阅读考试的分析，阅读话题主要有两大类，分别是自然科学类和人文社科类。上文中我们已经探讨过自然科学类的话题，本文将重点对人文科学类话题的文章进行分析。雅思阅读人文科学类的话题主要分为三大块：教育类，语言学类，发展史。同时还会涉及到企业管理和心理类。

1. 教育类

首先，教育类的话题一直是雅思考试阅读部分的热门话题。在2011年的考试中，主要涉及到了儿童的性格，欧洲女子教育，儿童心理教育，儿童情感发展，教育方法的研究，噪音对儿童的影响，儿童文学，家长参与教育，天才教育，学习历史的意义。在2012年上半年的考试来看，教育类涉及到了学术道德，阅读方法的探讨，年轻人当父母，澳大利亚文盲。从去年及今年上半年的教育类话题分析，儿童教育及家庭教育是教育类话题的中心。在剑桥雅思真题集中这类型话题的分布也很广泛，比如剑桥5 Test3 passage1 “Early Childhood Education”, 这篇文章主要是关于儿童教育的，讲解了两个项目'Headstart' programme和'Missouri' programme; 剑桥6 Test4 passage2 “Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?”, 这篇文章讨论了高学历女性是否可以是更好的妈妈，有关儿童的家长问题。剑桥8 Test4 Passage1 'Land of the Rising Sum' 探讨了日本的数学教育。

因此，各位烤鸭应多关注一下这类型的文章，如果没有时间进行课外泛读，也可以对剑桥雅思真题集4-8的教育类文章先进行限时训练，做完对了答案将错误修改之后，建议烤鸭们在这时千万别以为这篇文章就已经做完了，一定要再对整篇文章进行泛读，每段的大意应该知道，并最好用中文标在每段后面，然后把每段主题句中的关键词标出来，如果有不认识的最好摘下来。这样到了考场上才能真正体会到“他乡知故人”，否则，只是遇到了但不够熟悉，做题时仍然会比较困难。

2. 语言类

雅思阅读人文科学类的第二大话题就是语言类。从2011年全年来看，主要涉及到语言的传播，笔译，国际公司的外语策略培训，语言对商业的作用，语言的起源，语言的消失，对语言发展的态度。在 2012年上半年来看，语言类话题主要有交流与文化，语义的理解，双语学习的利弊。从去年到今年上半年，语言类话题主要涉及到了语言对商业，文化等的影响，语言的保护以及语言与教育的结合。这类型话题在剑桥雅思真题集中也有广泛分布，比如：剑桥4 Test2 Passage1 Lost for Words, 这篇文章主要讲解了少数语言的消亡，探讨了语言消亡的原因以及相应的解决办法。除此之外，剑桥4 Test3 Passage3 Obtaining Linguistic Data也是关于语言的，这篇文章相对比较专业化，讲述了获取语料的方法并讨论了这些方法的利弊，但即使这样做这篇文章时也不需要理解那些专业化的词汇。剑桥5 Test2 Passage3 The Birth of Scientific English, 这篇文章结合了语言与发展史，讲述了科学英语的诞生及发展。烤鸭们在遇到这类型的话题时，很多都会觉得相当困难，除非有些烤鸭们的专业就是语言学专业。因为语言学本身就包括了很多分支比如语音学，词汇学，句法学等等。每一个分支都会有很多相关的专业术语，烤鸭们尤其是还在读高中的小烤鸭们会觉得异常难懂，但是要记住一点：雅思考试的一大特色就是“非专业性”。也就是说，虽然考试中会考到很多有关语言学的内容，但是大多是关于语言传播方式，如何保护语言等等比较简单易懂的方面，并不会出现太专业性的内容。即使有专业词汇出现，也应该感到高兴，因为它们不会涉及同意转换。

3. 发展史

第三类的话题就是有关各种事物的发展史。2011年的雅思阅读考试中主要涉及到了欧洲印刷术，古人记事，茶的历史与发展，加拿大移民史，英国战后农业政策，澳大利亚羊毛产业，非洲部落发展等。2012年上半年的雅思阅读考试中主要有管理学之父彼得德鲁克，远古电脑，奥运火炬演变发展，剧院，超市模式的诞生，地图的发展状况，英国人的农业发明-犁地机，小提琴*，库克发现新大陆。这类型话题在剑桥雅思真题集中也有体现，比如：剑桥5 Test1 Passage1 'Johnson's Dictionary', 这篇文章讲述了约翰字典的发展历史，相对来说比较容易理解，而且题目也比较容易做。Test2 Passage1 The Birth of Modern Plastics, 这篇文章论述了现代塑料的发展历程，并讲解了*过程。专业术语较多，但没有同意转换，因此这些专业术语不会影响做题。剑桥7 Test1 Passage2 'Making Every Drop Count', 这篇文章涉及到了人类用水的情况。剑桥8 Test1 Passage1 A Chronicle of Time Keeping, 这篇文章是很典型的发展史类的阅读文章，讲述了计时器的发展历史，讲述的是有史以来不同国家发明的钟表和计时器，也可当作钟表或计时器的发展史来准备这个话题。这类话题是各位烤鸭们必需关注的话题，原因很简单，所有的东西都有历史、有来由，而且这也是近期考试的一个主要话题。考生不可能准备所有的发展史，但是备考过程中完全放弃又很可惜，所以在所有的发展史中，那些曾经考过的发展史考生一定要列为重点准备的内容。比如说“Co*etic Painting”讲述了化妆品发展的历史，从野人时代到现代，但是讲述现代化妆的比较少，主要是对比古代。“人类货币的进化史”，提到了巴比伦货币，中国货币，日本货币，非洲货币等等，以及剑桥雅思真题集上给出的文章一定要做到。

2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆

您好，我是专注留学考试规划和留学咨询的小钟老师。在追寻留学梦想的路上，选择合适的学校和专业，准备相关考试，都可能让人感到迷茫和困扰。作为一名有经验的留学顾问，我在此为您提供全方位的专业咨询和指导。欢迎随时提问！
小钟老师雅思栏目小编们精心为广大考生准备了“2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆”，各位同学赶快学起来吧，做好万全准备，祝各位同学考试顺利通过。
Passage1
Passage 1：塑料
1-5 判断题
1.F
2.T casein can soften the ivory and ...
3.T casein分解快速的特性，又再一次吸引大家
4.F
5.NG 环境友好产品可能会越来越便宜
6-13 表格填空
6.destroyed by water
7.skeleton
8.A skeleton of clay
9.dryer
10.Bubbles eliminated by mixing
11.polymysere
12.Similar qualities to ....
13.decomposition
Passage2
Passage 2：猩猩文化
原文：
The culture of chimpanzee
A The similarities between chimpanzees and humans have been studied for years, but in the past decade researchers have determined that these resemblances run much deeper than anyone first thought. For instance, the nut cracking observed in the Taï Forest is far from a simple chimpanzee behavior; rather it is a singular adaptation found only in that particular part of Africa and a trait that biologists consider to be an expression of chimpanzee culture. Scientists frequently use the term "culture" to describe elementary animal behaviors- such as the regional dialects of different populations of songbirds-but as it turns out, the rich and varied cultural traditions found among chimpanzees are second in complexity only to human traditions.
B During the past two years, an unprecedented scientific collaboration, involving every major research group studying chimpanzees, has documented a multitude of distinct cultural patterns extending across Africa, in actions ranging from the animals’ use of tools to their forms of communication and social customs. This emerging picture of chimpanzees not only affects how we think of these amazing creatures but also alters human beings’conception of our own uniqueness and hints at ancient foundations for extraordinary capacity for culture.
C Homo sapiens and Pan troglodytes have coexisted for hundreds of millennia and share more than 98 percent of their genetic material, yet only 40 years ago we still knew next to nothing about chimpanzee behavior in the wild. That began to change in the 1960s, when Toshisada Nishida of Kyoto University in Japan and Jane Goodall began their studies of wild chimpanzees at two field sites in Tanzania. (Goodall’s research station at Gombe-the first of its kind-is more famous, but Nishida’s site at Mahale is the second oldest chimpanzee research site in the world. )
D In these initial studies, as the chimpanzees became accustomed to close observation, the remarkable discoveries began. Researchers witnessed a range of unexpected behaviors, including fashioning and using tools, hunting, meat eating, food sharing and lethal fights between members of neighboring communities.
E As early as 1973, Goodall recorded 13 forms of tool use as well as eight social activities that appeared to differ between the Gombe chimpanzees and chimpanzee populations elsewhere. She ventured that some variations had what she termed a cultural origin. But what exactly did Goodall mean by "culture"? According to the Oxford Encyclopedic English Dictionary, culture is defined as "the customs . . . and achievements of a particular time or people." The diversity of human cultures extends from technological variations to marriage rituals, from culinary habits to myths and legends. Animals do not have myths and legends, of course. But they do have the capacity to pass on behavioral traits from generation to generation, not through their genes but by learning. For biologists, this is the fundamental criterion for a cultural trait: it must be something that can be learned by observing the established skills of others and thus passed on to future generations
F What of the implications for chimpanzees themselves? We must highlight the tragic loss of chimpanzees, whose populations are being decimated just when we are at last coming to appreciate these astonishing animals more completely. Populations have plummeted in the past century and continue to fall as a result of illegal trapping, logging and, most recently, the bushmeat trade. The latter is particularly alarming: logging has driven roadways into the forests that are now used to ship wild-animal meat-including chimpanzee meat-to consumers as far afield as Europe. Such destruction threatens not only the animals themselves but also a host of fascinatingly different ape cultures.
G Perhaps the cultural richness of the ape may yet help in its salvation, however. Some conservation efforts have already altered the attitudes of some local people. A few organizations have begun to show videotapes illustrating the cognitive prowess of chimpanzees. One Zairian viewer was heard to exclaim, "Ah, this ape is so like me, I can no longer eat him. "
H How an international team of chimpanzee experts conducted the most comprehensive survey of the animals ever attempted. Scientists have been investigating chimpanzee culture for several decades, but too often their studies contained a crucial flaw. Most attempts to document cultural diversity among chimpanzees have relied solely on officially published accounts of the behaviors recorded at each research site. But this approach probably overlooks a good deal of cultural variation for three reasons. First, scientists typically don’t publish an extensive list of all the activities they do not see at a particular location. Yet this is exactly what we need to know-which behaviors were and were not observed at each site. Second, many reports describe chimpanzee behaviors without saying how common they are; with- out this information, we can’t determine whether a particular action was a once-in-a-lifetime aberration or a routine event that should be considered part of the animals’ culture. Finally, researchers’ deions of potentially significant chimpanzee behaviors frequently lack sufficient detail, making it difficult for scientists working at other spots to record the presence or absence of the activities.
J To remedy these problems, the two of us decided to take a new approach. We asked field researchers at each site for a list of all the behaviors they suspected were local traditions. With this information in hand, we pulled together a comprehensive list of 65 candidates for cultural behaviors.
K Then we distributed our list to the team leaders at each site. In consultation with their colleagues, they classified each behavior in terms of its occurrence or absence in the chimpanzee community studied. The key categories were customary behavior (occurs in most or all of the able-bodied members of at least one age or sex class, such as all * males), habitual (less common than customary but occurs repeatedly in several individuals), present (seen at the site but not habitual), absent (never seen), and unknown.
题目：
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter G-K, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
1. A problem of researchers on chimpanzee culture which are only based on official sources.
2. Design a new system by two scientists aims to solve the problem.
3. Reasons why previous research on ape culture is problematic.
4. Classification of data observed or collected.
5. An example that showing tragic outcome of animals leading to indication of change in local people’s attitude in preservation
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
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